Abstract Eukaryotic cells must accurately and efficiently duplicate their genomes during each round of the cell cycle. Multiple linear chromosomes, a large number of regulatory elements, and chromosomal packaging are challenges that the eukaryotic DNA replication fork machinery must successfully overcome. The replication machinery, the “replisome” complex, is composed of many specialized proteins with functions…
Month: February 2022
Genetic Variation in Meiosis
Introduction of Genetic Variation in Meiosis The gametes produced in meiosis are not genetically identical to the initial cell and they are not identical to each other. As an example, consider the meiosis, which shows the end products of meiosis for a simple cell with a diploid number of 2n = 4 chromosomes. The four…
Protein Synthesis
The art of protein synthesis This incredible work of art shows a process that takes place in the cells of all living things: the production of proteins. This process is called protein synthesis and it actually consists of two processes: transcription and translation. In eukaryotic cells, transcription takes place in the nucleus. During transcription, DNA…